Get an answer. Matthew's rising nervousness is caused by: In the context of psychology, ________ are mental templates by which we organize our worlds. D. self-handicapping, Chloe dyes her hair blue and goes to school. They prefer responses that validate their negative experiences In the context of behaviors affecting attitudes, Ben's adjustment suggests that he has now adopted to his new. Your auto insurance policy has a bodily injury ratio of 1:41: 41:4. blockbuster store still open near haarlem. Which of the following theories assures that our actions are self-revealing? A. measures both conscious and unconscious attitudes In other words, we deduce our attitudes in the same manner as we would an outside observer. c. He also starts speaking exclusively in Spanish to reinforce his cultural identity, which in turn increases his self-esteem. In discussing this issue with some like-minded classmates, she hears arguments for this position that she has never considered before. The results of this survey are not valid due to: You ask all those students who fail a class if they believe the course is difficult, and you find that they think it is. People may do this via defense mechanisms, such as avoidance. Cognitive restructuring is a technique that involves changing unhelpful beliefs to improve mental health. We avoid using tertiary references. Although travelers in the United States are more likely to die in an automobile crash than on a commercial flight covering the same distance, people often assume that flying is more dangerous than driving. Rewarding people for doing what they already enjoy may lead them to attribute their action to the reward. B. self-justification If the first quantity is 101010 , find the second quantity by multiplying by 222 to get 202020 . Results showed that the participants who were paid _____ came to believe that the task had been ______. Answer: TRUE When an entry is required, record it in general journal format. As discussed in the textbook, people's explicit (public) attitudes are not always consistent with their implicit (private) attitudes. A. the halo effect A. self-presentation theory Allison's parents are happy about the fact that she enjoys reading, They decided to encourage her reading habit by paying her $5 for each book she reads. Santiago, a Hispanic immigrant, has been living in the United States for 20 years. Identify a true statement about dissonance theory. He ignores the fact that it is the rainy season. B. attitudes; behaviors He fears that they would consider him an incompetent candidate. However, Festinger believed that all people are motivated to avoid or resolve cognitive dissonance due to the discomfort it causes. C. self-monitoring A few weeks later, Roosevelt won the real election by a landslide. Cognitive dissonance occurs when a persons behavior and beliefs do not complement each other or when they hold two contradictory beliefs. You immediately recognize your friend's voice over the phone. People have the greatest difficulty predicting _____________ of their future emotions. Asian cultures place more emphasis on ________ than other cultures, and that emphasis may pay off better performance. Zachary watches a horror movie alone. The sample mean percentage change was 0.078, and the sample standard deviation was 0.201. ItemCashAccountsReceivableInventoryLandBuildings&EquipmentLess:AccumulatedDepreciationInvestmentinScholarCorporationTotalAssetsAccountsPayableMortgagePayableCommonStockRetainedEarningsTotalLiabilities&StockholdersEquityProfessorCorporation$50,30090,000130,00060,000410,000(150,000)102,200$692,500$152,500250,00080,000210,000$692,500ScholarCorporation$21,00044,00075,00030,000250,000(80,000)$340,000$35,000180,00040,00085,000$340,000. For years, she had spoken of leaving the business, hoping that the threat would _____ her father to seek a good replacement for her, but he never did. Categories . The finding that religious attitudes can predict the total quantity of religious behaviors over time is an example of, In the context of correlation and causation, the relationship between self-esteem and academic achievement concludes that, both self-esteem and academic achievement are likely caused by a third variable, Political conservatives tend to be economic _________ and moral___________`, Researchers reported a ____________ correlation between persistence and self-efficacy, According to Leary, self-esteem feelings that are low, motivate us to act with greater sensitivity to others' expectations, The attitudes-follow-behavior effect is strongest when, people feel that they have some choice in their behavior, According to research done by Miller and his colleagues, if you want young children to put trash in wastebaskets, you should repeatedly, congratulate them for being neat and tidy, The insufficient justification effect involves reducing dissonance by _______ justifying one's behavior when ___________ justification is insufficient, According to Batson and his colleagues, ____________ is appearing moral while avoiding the costs of being so. Two major advantages that experiments have over correlational studies are: A. control and random assignment B. the use of surveys and the use of deception C. random sampling and field research D. framing and biases Click the card to flip Definition 1 / 40 A Click the card to flip Flashcards Learn Test Match Created by kytem9243 C. the spotlight effect Cognitive dissonance theory was formulated by. According to the overjustification effect, reinforcements that praise people tend to ______ intrinsic motivation, and reinforcement that seeks to control people ______ intrinsic motivation. He has asked her out every day for the last month and believes that she is flattered by his unwavering attention. After a few weeks though, he learned how to behave like the boss. In follow-up experiments to his initial study, Milgram made the learner's protests more compelling by having him complain of a heart condition, then scream and plead for release, and finally refuse to answer. the tax rate, the lower the after-tax returns). Ji woo wakes up one morning and feels happy and cheerful. According to Jeff Greenberg, which of the following theories best describes Santiago's change in behavior? Elijah gets exasperated and remarks that it always rains whenever he plans an outing. 52. introspection. She is convinced that everyone knows how happy she feels. She assumes that the students will stare at her and comment on her hair color. In 2014, what percentage of entering collegians stated that it is very important or essential that they become very well-off financially? Effort justification is often used to reduce cognitive dissonance. It takes a village to raise a child Dominic is unsure about his exam results, but later when he learns that he passed the exam, he claims to have known all along that he would score well. Look back at Figure 15.4. D. It highlights the arousal of tension when two different thoughts coexist. \hline 1 & \$ 19.5 \text { million } & 0.6 \text { million } & 210 & 271 \\ Associez chaque chose a l exposition ou vous pouvez la voir : des informations sur le role des Allies en liberant L Europe . In a psychological experiment, the participants were shown a collection of pictures depicting both pleasant and unpleasant aspects of their lives. Some examples of cognitive dissonance include: Anyone can experience cognitive dissonance, and sometimes, it is unavoidable. C)They are testable propositions that describe relationships that may exist between events. The magnitude of the dissonance will be higher in people who highly value their health. Identify a true statement about social psychology, You ask all those students who fail a class if they believe the course is difficult, and you find that they think it is. The internal discomfort and tension of cognitive dissonance could contribute to stress or unhappiness. C. attribute negative outcomes to ourselves and positive outcome to others How many continued to work after the bell if they were made self-aware by working in front of a mirror? After spending a lot of time researching vehicles, Linda makes a purchase. Which of the following is a thinking strategy that enables quick, efficient judgements? Fearing that someone is trying to break into his house, he turns on the light. Which theory assumes that we observe our actions for clues about our own attitudes and beliefs? C. attitudes. C. roles; attitudes She believes that her agility and hard work have helped her achieve this. Research on the Big Five personality traits have been shown to be universal. In the context of psychology, this scenario illustrates. When someone's actions don't match their self-image, they go to extreme lengths to justify their actions. Pat could be described as, A concern for ______ produces normative influence, while a concern for ______ produces informational influence. In the context of social psychology, this scenario exemplifies the concept of: When examining topics such as dating rituals and mating behaviors, evolutionary psychologists ask how natural selection might. Which of the following theories assumes that for strategic reasons, we express attitudes that make us appear consistent? D. measures conscious attitudes, Daisy knows that she should eat healthier foods, but after her parents lecture her about how she needs to eat healthier, she jumps in her car, drives to McDonald's and gets a big mac and fries. 1. 2022. B. aptitudes. We tend to underestimate the situational determinants of others' behavior but not our own because we perceive others in a different manner than our own selves. Soloman and Soloman found that bystanders who _____ were more likely to offer aid to a person. What type of heuristic are people using when they make this assumption? views on corporate profit taxes? Cognitive restructuring and its techniques. What is the latest research on the form of cancer Jimmy Carter has? Good theories do all of the following except. What is the amount of the annual depreciation computed by the straight-line method? According to Woodzicka and LaFrance (2001), women reported that they would feel angry if asked sexually harassing questions during a job interview. \text{Mortgage Payable} & 250,000 & 180,000\\ \text{Land} & 60,000 & 30,000\\ C. galvanization Which of the following best explains the initial reaction of Zachary? A research study had experimental participants perform a dull task but paid them to lie by telling a prospective participant that the task had been enjoyable. C. self-fulfilling prophecy B. self-control typically involves the strategy of humble-bragging Multiple Choice Identify a true statement about theories: A)They are consensus statements about what one observes. b. when people experience cognitive dissonance, they go to extreme lengths to reduce. x_3= \\ True Statement (s) Drag appropriate answer (s) here A single study can debunk a theory if the data are inconsistent with the theory. A look at catastrophizing and how to stop it. Samantha always gets lower grades than Samuel, her twin. d. justifying our behavior by adding new cognitions. In the context of dual processing, automatic thinking is _______. He places the participants to the conditions of the experiment in such a way that all persons have the same chance of being in each condition. C. negativity bias Consonant ideas logically flow from one another, while dissonant ideas oppose one another. D. priming, Which statement is true? How does an adjusting entry for depreciation expense change the balance of the asset account? B. reactance theory According to the self-perception theory, your parents' behavior is most likely to _______ your intrinsic motivation for jogging. A ________ is an integrated set of principles that can explain and predict observe events. If he loses, he believes he could say that his lack of sleep caused his poor performance. How is this different from just lending money to Azul to buy planes? \\ Researchers rarely stop at one study; they usually follow up on findings with additional studies. At the same time, he gets a research scholarship from a renowned foreign university. Most cultures native to Asia, Africa, Central and South America place a greater value on ___________. C. have the person consider disconfirming information \boldsymbol{y}= \\ She notices that he is wearing a jersey of her favorite baseball team. 2 & 40.0 & 2.0 & 216 & 400 \\ Myra's neighbor, a little boy, practices his saxophone loudly and annoyingly. In an experiment, the outcome being measured is called the ______ variable. How do voltage-gated ion channels orchestrate depolarization repolarization of an action potential? The effects may relate to the discomfort of the dissonance itself or the defense mechanisms a person adopts to deal with it. DNA is an example of a nucleic acid. D. self-handicapping, In the context of self-serving attributions, saying "I earned an A on my psychology test" versus "My instructor gave me a C on my psychology test" exemplifies how we: In some cases, this could cause harm to themselves or others. A ratio is a comparison of two quantities. B. people who held a warm drink in their hand liked the person they met better and were more likely to say they would recommend him for a job than people who held a cold drink To Lynn's surprise, her father congratulated her and complimented her for making a[n] _____ decision. An attitude is most likely to predict behavior in all the following situation EXCEPT, when the attitude is genetically predisposed, If you are studying because you want to do well in a course and truly want to understand the material, you are more likely to want to study in the future as compared to those students who view studying as compulsory. A. With this added condition, the majority of participants still fully obeyed the experimenter's commands, Social comparison is more likely to sway responses on, In experiments, people have been found to conform more when they must _____ than when they must______, respond publicly; write down their responses in private, Pat has qualities like assertiveness, a traditionally masculine trait, as well as nurturance, a quality associated with traditional femininity. The inconsistency between what people believe and how they behave motivates them to . The effect of _______ on _______ was vividly demonstrated in Zimbardo's (1971) classic study of a simulated prison: Identify the true statement about cognitive dissonance theory: Sarah has always strongly believed that it is wrong to steal, but after she steals a bottle of nail polish from the drug store, her attitude toward stealing becomes significantly less harsh. Cardiovascular health: Insomnia linked to greater risk of heart attack. This is an example of Can poor sleep impact your weight loss goals? In the context of social psychology, identify a true statement about intuitions. He categorizes the participants into two groups with equal number of participants. When our expectations lead us to act in ways that induce others to confirm those expectations, _______ is at work. Which theory explains our conclusion that we must be nervous because we feel shaky, while forgetting that we just had two cups of strong coffee? B. +1800 456 789. identify a true statement about dissonance theory quizlet. This scenario illustrates, A belief that leads to its own accomplishment is called. In the context of reconstructing past attitudes, which of the following is illustrated in this scenario, Ivan is traveling by bus. Just before they leave, it starts raining heavily. Marcy wants to borrow $120,000. Jack is very nervous about meeting his future in-laws for the first time. After six months, she finds that the clients who took 40 milligrams of Prozac are significantly less depressed than those clients who took 20 milligrams of Prozac. Experts, Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. Sharon typically watches televised news stations that support her existing political beliefs. profit taxes affect R&D spending? B. measure unconscious attitudes People are more likely to do a behavior if they already intend to do that behavior. The finding that religious attitudes can predict the total quantity of religious behaviors over time is an example of. The tendency for humans to categorize each other into "ingroup" versus "outgroup" __________, John is nervous about his tennis match, but he still stays out late instead of getting a good night's sleep the night before the match. However, Ryan has forgotten the unpleasant memories of the day and fondly remembers the positive experiences, such as the lake, the fun they had, and the first fish they caught. After one month, you find that the people in the experimental group (who exercised three times a week on average) are significantly less depressed than the people in the control group (who exercised once a week on average). A. with an interdependent self, one's personal identity is established by individual traits and goals You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. the behavior causes problems at work, at school, or in relationships. Dissonance theory explains attitude ________, whereas self-perception theory explains attitude, The daily flag salute by school children in the United States is an attempt to use ________ to build, Owen gets a lucrative job offer from a multinational company after he receives his undergraduate degree. He ends up sitting next to Rob, who is in that fraternity, in one of his classes. Which of the following is true of self-control? This is consonance. \text{Less: Accumulated Depreciation} & (150,000) & (80,000) \\ In the context of psychology, this behavior is likely caused by. From the list below, supply the words needed to complete the paragraph. People are not always able to behave in a way that matches their beliefs. This is an example of, The tendency to perceive oneself favorably is referred to as. The theory was developed from the Nonverbal expectancy violation model by Judee.K.Burgoon which described [] . the class that was repeatedly congratulated for being neat and tidy. The effect of ________ on ________ was vividly demonstrated in Zimbarbo's (1971) classic study of a stimulated prison. If they are part of a wider problem that is causing distress, people may benefit from speaking with a therapist. An old man boards the bus after some time. Although you may be tempted to conclude that exercise helps stave off depression, you cannot because of the lack of _____ in your study. People tend to seek consistency in their attitudes and perceptions, so this conflict causes unpleasant feelings of unease or discomfort. He is trying to sell a moderately expensive car to a client. It can also occur when a person holds two contradictory beliefs at the same time. Identify an immediate outcome of that study. Elijah plans a picnic by the seaside with his cousins. Tim looks around at the other pedestrians who don't seem concerned. On the day they arrive at his home to meet him, he greets them in ripped sweat pants and a stained T-shirt. B. In the context of self-serving attributes, saying "I earned an A on my psychology test" versus "My instructor gave me a C on my psychology test" exemplifies how we: attribute positive outcomes to ourselves and negative outcomes to others. Which of the following statements is true about predictors of behavior? A. the halo effect The fair value of the non-controlling interest at that date was determined to be$43,800. Cognitive dissonance is the discomfort a person feels when their behavior does not align with their values or beliefs. D. self-control can be depleted or strengthened, much like a muscle, Identify the true statement about people with low self-esteem B. self-fulfilling prophecy Chris Boyatzis and colleagues (1995) showed some elementary school children, but not others, an episode of the most popular-and violent- children's television program of the 1990's, Power Rangers. E Endocrinology 1 - Canine Hypothyroidism, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson. In this context, identify a characteristic of System 1 According to the principle of _________, the effects of an attitude are more apparent when we look at a person's average behavior. A. people who fail to exert self-control on a particular task subsequently work harder on other tasks Identify a true statement about facts and theories theories explain facts The extent to which we perceive outcomes because of our own efforts or because of chance refers to locus of control Identify a true statement about cognitive dissonance theory it highlights the arousal of tension when two differing thoughts coexist This approach works by, The most effective way to resolve cognitive dissonance is for a person to ensure that their actions are consistent with their values. However, after a few weeks, he learned how to behave like a boss. Identify a true statement about cognitive dissonance theory. Which of the following was an important insight about how attitudes relate to behavior from the Theory of Planned Behavior? He assumes that, if they aren't worried, then everything is okay and keeps walking. c. justifying our behavior by changing dissonant cognitions. 4 & 14.0 & 1.0 & 125 & 277 \\ Steve likes Samantha. Identify the true statement about cognitive dissonance theory: A. it assumes that for strategic reasons we express attitudes that make us appear consistent B. it highlights the arousal of tension when two differing thoughts coexist C. it focuses on doing acts as per one's discretion without providing any justification for such acts This is Intuitions are routinely powerful and sometimes perilous. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which theory explains our conclusion that we must be anxious of something because we woke up before dawn?, According to the principle of ________ the effects of an attitude are more apparent when we look at a person's average behavior., Festinger and Carlsmith found that participants paid just $1 to lie to another student about . identify a true statement about dissonance theory quizlet. On subjective, socially desirable, and common dimensions, most people: see themselves as better than the average person, John is nervous about his tennis match, but he still stays out late instead of getting a good night's sleep the night before the match. C. failures of self-control are least likely to appear when one has to do something taxing, difficult or unpleasant Sex and gender exist on spectrums. People vary in how likely they are to expect that others will stereotype them. B. \text{Total Assets} & \underline{\underline{\$692,500}} & \underline{\underline{\$340,000}} \\ \hline Understand the differences between a psychologist and a, A study in voles engineered not to produce oxytocin, the hormone meant to facilitate pair bonding, showed that the oxytocin-free animals were still, Australia has given the go-ahead for the use of MDMA and psilocybin in the treatment of some forms of PTSD and depression as of July 2023. & & & & \begin{array}{c} These results are best explained by _________. A. break She believes that this virtue of hers is exceptional and that no one else is precautious as she is. A random sample of 76 percentage changes in promised health benefits was observed. He fears that otherwise he may be labeled a miser. All rights reserved. Two major advantages that experiments have over correlational studies are: You conduct a study on a group of individuals to examine the role of exercise in alleviating depression. This is called, Applying the self-perception theory, the best way to cultivate Mark's enjoyment of a task that is not intrinsically appealing to him is to use incentives to have him comply with the behavior and then suggest that. Identify a true statement about cognitive dissonance theory A person might not want to engage in dissonant behavior, but addiction can make it feel physically and mentally difficult to bring their behavior into alignment with their values. B. controlled processing Which type of study did the psychiatrist conduct? Consider the effect that corporate profit taxes have on investing. As an example of the liberating effects of group influence, _____ percent of the participants in a variation of Milgram's study conformed to the confederate's behavior when the confederates defied the experimenter. Impression management is to _______ as cognitive dissonance is to _______. Terms in this set (121) 1.Attitudes include all of the following EXCEPT: A. affect. It is possible to resolve cognitive dissonance by either changing ones behavior or changing ones beliefs so they are consistent with each other. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. identify a true statement about dissonance theory quizlet. Last medically reviewed on September 8, 2022. The tendency to exaggerate one's ability to have foresaw how something turned out, only after learning the outcome, is known as: The degree to which an experiment absorbs and involves its participants is known as, The cues in an experiment that tell the participants what behavior is expected are called. If the firms decisions \boldsymbol{x}_1= \\ Jack's beliefs influence how he sees new information. High sodium intake can increase blood pressure and risk of heart disease and stroke. RNA is an example of a nucleic acid. Cognitive dissonance can affect people in a wide range of ways. Which of the following theories explain this insufficient justification effect. Prepare a consolidated balance sheet in good form. In the context of social psychology, this scenario illustrates, Which statement is FALSE? It cannot tell researchers whether one variable's effects cause another variables effects. A. deliberate However, cognitive dissonance can also be a tool for personal and social change. She decides to begin the task on Thursday as she estimates that the task will take her two days to complete, but the task will take her three days. Masamune. 7 & 20.5 & 1.3 & 42 & 437 \\ Correct Answer (s) Everyone, even the instigators, eventually decide that the mission is too risky. She then continues to imagine that her friends possibly think that she is the most tidy in her group.