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If you're like most people, you probably abandoned those resolutions within a few weeks. GEACONE-CRUZ: It describes this feeling so perfectly in such a wonderfully packaged, encapsulated way, and you can just - it rolls off the tongue, and you can just throw it. So some languages don't have number words. And MIT linguist Ken Hale, who's a renowned linguist, said that every time a language dies, it's the equivalent of a bomb being dropped on the Louvre. Young people have always used language in new and different ways, and it's pretty much always driven older people crazy. There are different ways to be a psychologist. And there are all kinds of interesting, useful, eye-opening ideas that exist in all of the world's languages. JENNIFER GEACONE-CRUZ: My name is Jennifer Geacone-Cruz. This is NPR. So new words are as likely to evolve as old ones. UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN #3: (Speaking foreign language). And if you don't have a word for exactly seven, it actually becomes very, very hard to keep track of exactly seven. We'd say, oh, well, we don't have magnets in our beaks or in our scales or whatever. And when I listen to people having their peeves, I don't think, stop it. And, I mean, really, it sounds exactly like that. This week, in the final installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Dacher Keltner describes what happens when we stop to sav, Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. But what happens when these feelings catch up with us? So we did an analysis of images in Artstor. But if I give that same story to a Hebrew or an Arabic speaker, they would organize it from right to left. Evaluating Changes in Motivation, Values, and Well-being, by Kennon M. Sheldon and Lawrence S. Krieger, Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 2004. If I give you a bunch of pictures to lay out and say this is telling you some kind of story and you - and they're disorganized, when an English speaker organizes those pictures, they'll organize them from left to right. VEDANTAM: Jennifer moved to Japan for graduate school. BORODITSKY: One thing that we've noticed is this idea of time, of course, is very highly constructed by our minds and our brains. The only question was in which way. MCWHORTER: You could have fun doing such a thing. As someone who works in media, I often find that people who can write well are often people who know how to think well, so I often equate clarity of writing with clarity of thought. Lera is a cognitive science professor at the University of California, San Diego. Whats going on here? VEDANTAM: If you're bilingual or you're learning a new language, you get what Jennifer experienced - the joy of discovering a phrase that helps you perfectly encapsulate a feeling or an experience. VEDANTAM: I understand there's been some work looking at children and that children who speak certain languages are actually quicker to identify gender and their own gender than children who are learning other languages in other cultures. VEDANTAM: There are phrases in every language that are deeply evocative and often, untranslatable. We don't want to be like that. VEDANTAM: One of the ultimate messages I took from your work is that, you know, we can choose to have languages that are alive or languages that are dead. And so for me, that question was born in that conversation of are there some languages where it's easier to imagine a person without their characteristics of gender filled in? Subscribe to the Hidden Brain Podcast on your favorite podcast player so you never miss an episode. MCWHORTER: Exactly. Go behind the scenes, see what Shankar is reading and find more useful resources and links. Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams, by Amy Edmondson, Administrative Science Quarterly, 1999. She shows how our conversational styles can cause We all know casual sex isn't about love. Go behind the scenes, see what Shankar is reading and find more useful resources and links. Researcher Elizabeth Dunn helps us map out the unexpected ways we can find joy and happiness in our everyday lives. Many of us rush through our days, weeks, and lives, chasing goals, and just trying to get everything done. Thank you for helping to keep the podcast database up to date. In this favorite 2021 episode, psychologistAdam Grantpushes back against the benefits of certainty, and describes the magic that unfolds when we challenge our own deeply-held beliefs. I said, you know, this weird thing happened. Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy. So we've done a lot of studies looking at how speakers of Spanish and German and Russian actually think about objects that have opposite grammatical genders. If a transcript is available, youll see a Transcript button which expands to reveal the full transcript. The categorization that language provides to you becomes real, becomes psychologically real. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy that's all around us. BORODITSKY: Yeah, that's true. And if you can enjoy it as a parade instead of wondering why people keep walking instead of just sitting on chairs and blowing on their tubas and not moving, then you have more fun. Whats going on here? So when I ask you to, say, imagine a man walking down the street, well, in your imagery, you're going to have some details completed and some will be left out. I want everybody to have the fun I'm having. You also see huge differences in other domains like number. Refusing to Apologize can have Psychological Benefits, by Tyler Okimoto, Michael Wenzel and Kyli Hedrick, European Journal of Social Psychology, 2013. It's natural to want to run away from difficult emotions such as grief, anger and fear. Newsletter: All rights reserved. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #7: (Speaking foreign language). So for example, you might not imagine the color shirt that he's wearing or the kinds of shoes that he's wearing. Which pile do you go in, right? And then if you are going to be that elliptical, why use the casual word get? Assessing the Seeds of Relationship Decay: Using Implicit Evaluations to Detect the Early Stages of Disillusionment, by Soonhee Lee, Ronald D. Rogge, and Harry T. Reis, Psychological Science, 2010. And one thing that we've noticed is that around the world, people rely on space to organize time. Imagine this. GEACONE-CRUZ: And you're at home in your pajamas, all nice and cuddly and maybe, watching Netflix or something. UNIDENTIFIED ACTOR #3: (As character) I'm willing to get involved. Hidden Brain Claim By Hidden Brain, Shankar Vedantam Podcasts RSS Web PODCAST SEARCH EPISODES COMMUNITY PODCASTER EDIT SHARE Listen Score LS 84 Global Rank TOP 0.01% ABOUT THIS PODCAST Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. VEDANTAM: So all this raises a really interesting question. So I think it's an incredible tragedy that we're losing all of this linguistic diversity, all of this cultural diversity because it is human heritage. Goal Striving, Need Satisfaction, and Longitudinal Well-being: The Self-Concordance Model, by Kennon M. Sheldon and Andrew J. Elliot, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1999. VEDANTAM: Lera Boroditsky is a cognitive science professor at the University of California, San Diego. ), The Sourcebook of Listening Research: Methodology and Measures, 2018. Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. It's how we think about anything that's abstract, that's beyond our physical senses. How do you balance the imperative of teaching correct usage? This week on Hidden Brain, we revisit a favorite episode exploring what this culture means Jesse always wanted to fall in love. Language is something that's spoken, and spoken language especially always keeps changing. Women under about 30 in the United States, when they're excited or they're trying to underline a point, putting uh at the end of things. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy thats all around us. No matter how hard you try to feel happier, you end up back where you started. MCWHORTER: Thank you for having me, Shankar. LERA BORODITSKY: The categorization that language provides to you becomes real - becomes psychologically real. I'm Shankar Vedantam. VEDANTAM: Jennifer moved to Japan for graduate school. Only a couple hundred languages - or if you want to be conservative about it, a hundred languages - are written in any real way and then there are 6,800 others. Special thanks to Adam Cole, who wrote and performed our rendition of "The Hokey Pokey." So I think that nobody would say that they don't think language should change. MCWHORTER: Yes, Shankar, that's exactly it. Subscribe: iOS | Android | Spotify | RSS | Amazon | Stitcher Latest Episodes: Happiness 2.0: The Reset Button It's testament to the incredible ingenuity and complexity of the human mind that all of these different perspectives on the world have been invented. Think Again: The Power of Knowing What You Dont Know, by Adam Grant, 2021. - so one skull but two different minds, and you shift from one to the other. What Makes Lawyers Happy? The phrase brings an entire world with it - its context, its flavor, its culture. It's not necessarily may I please have, but may I have, I'll have, but not can I get a. I find it just vulgar for reasons that as you can see I can't even do what I would call defending. VEDANTAM: The moment she heard it, Jennifer realized mendokusai was incredibly useful. And you say that dictionaries in some ways paint an unrealistic portrait of a language. If you can speak more than one language, does this mean that you're also simultaneously and constantly shifting in your mind between different worldviews? Welcome to HIDDEN BRAIN. Lera, thank you so much for joining me on HIDDEN BRAIN today. If you're studying a new language, you might discover these phrases not. No matter how hard you try to feel happier, you end up back where you started. So they've compared gender equality, gender parity norms from the World Health Organization, which ranks countries on how equal access to education, how equal pay is, how equal representation in government is across the genders. Perceived Partner Responsiveness as an Organizing Construct in the Study of Intimacy and Closeness, by Harry T. Reis, et. You-uh (ph). VEDANTAM: Lera now tries to understand languages spoken all over the world. He. Transcript 585: In Defense of Ignorance Note: This American Life is produced for the ear and designed to be heard. I just don't want to do it. 4.62. VEDANTAM: If you're bilingual or you're learning a new language, you get what Jennifer, experienced - the joy of discovering a phrase that helps you perfectly encapsulate a. feeling or an experience. We'll be back momentarily. I'm Shankar Vedantam. It's not something that you typically go out trying to do intentionally. Going the Distance on the Pacific Crest Trail: The Vital Role of Identified Motivation, by Kennon M. Sheldon, Motivation Science, 2020. He didn't like that people were shortening the words. BORODITSKY: Well, there may not be a word for left to refer to a left leg. Language as it evolved was just talking to an extent that can be very hard for we literate people to imagine. Not without written permission. Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. In English, actually, quite weirdly, we can even say things like, I broke my arm. And I would really guess that in a few decades men will be doing it, too. If you still cant find the episode, try looking through our most recent shows on our homepage. Imagine this. All of these are very subjective things. This week on Hidden Brain, psychologist Adam Grant describes the magic th In this episode, we explore how long-term relationships have changed over time and whether we might be able to improve marriage by asking less of it. Additional Resources Book: And they said, well, of course. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy that's all around us. But as Bob Cialdini set out to discover the keys to influence and persuasion, he decided to follow the instincts of his childhood. Many of us rush through our lives, chasing goals and just trying to get everything done. What turns out to be the case is that it's something in between - that bilinguals don't really turn off the languages they're not using when they're not using them. And you can just - it rolls off the tongue, and you can just throw it out. It's too high. But if he just bumped into the table, and it happened to fall off the table and break, and it was an accident, then you might be more likely to say, the flute broke, or the flute broke itself, or it so happened to Sam that the flute broke. VEDANTAM: It took just one week of living in Japan for Jennifer to pick up an important, VEDANTAM: There isn't a straightforward translation of this phrase in English.