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Nouvelle mthode de formation des bases organiques artificielles de Zinin", "Proceedings of Chemical Societies: Chemical Society, Thursday, May 16, 1861", http://www.nuclear-weapons.info/cde.htm#Corporal, "Oxidative DNA damage and its repair in rat spleen following subchronic exposure to aniline", CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazrds, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aniline&oldid=1138958230. ph What people say. Chloride is a very weak base and will not accept a proton to a measurable extent. Anilinium Cation - C 6 H 5 NH 3 + Anilinium Ion C6H5NH3{+} Molar Mass C6H5NH3{+} Oxidation Number. However, the ammonium ion, the conjugate acid of ammonia, reacts with water and increases the hydronium ion concentration: \[\ce{NH4+}(aq)+\ce{H2O}(l)\ce{H3O+}(aq)+\ce{NH3}(aq) \nonumber \]. Many people like to put lemon juice or vinegar, both of which are acids, on cooked fish (Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\)). 3 Answers C5H5N in water > C5H5NH+ & OH- Kb = [C5H5NH+] [OH-] / [C5H5N] 1.5e-9 = [x] 1. Explain. The acid loses one proton (H+), donates it the H2O (making it H3O+ in the products side of the reaction as shown above) and the charge is neutralized as a result. In spite of the unusual appearance of the acid, this is a typical acid ionization problem. Identify the Bronsted-Lowry acid and base in the reaction #"NH"_4^(+)(aq) + "H"_2"O"(l) -> "NH"_3(aq) + "H"_3"O"^(+)(aq)#? Acid with values less than one are considered weak. Is a solution with OH- = 7.9 x 10-13 M acidic, basic, or neutral? Is a solution with H+ = 7.8 x 10-3 M acidic, basic, or neutral? Aniline (from Portuguese anil'indigo shrub', and -ine indicating a derived substance)[6] is an organic compound with the formula .mw-parser-output .template-chem2-su{display:inline-block;font-size:80%;line-height:1;vertical-align:-0.35em}.mw-parser-output .template-chem2-su>span{display:block;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output sub.template-chem2-sub{font-size:80%;vertical-align:-0.35em}.mw-parser-output sup.template-chem2-sup{font-size:80%;vertical-align:0.65em}C6H5NH2. Industrial aniline production involves two steps. This means that an aqueous solution of such a compound will have the dissociated ions participate in acid-base (proton transfer) reactions with water molecules. How many nieces and nephew luther vandross have? Phase 2: Understanding Chemical Reactions, { "6.1:_Review:_Defining_Acids_and_Bases" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "6.2:_BrnstedLowry_Acids_and_Bases" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "6.3:_The_pH_Scale" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "6.4:_Acid-Base_Strength" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "6.5:_Solving_Acid-Base_Problems" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "6.6:_Acidic_and_Basic_Salt_Solutions" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "6.7:_Lewis_Acids_and_Bases" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, { "4:_Kinetics:_How_Fast_Reactions_Go" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "5:_Equilibrium:_How_Far_Reactions_Go" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "6:_Acid-Base_Equilibria" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "7:_Buffer_Systems" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "8:_Solubility_Equilibria" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, [ "article:topic", "Author tag:OpenStax", "authorname:openstax", "showtoc:no", "license:ccby", "transcluded:yes", "source-chem-38279" ], https://chem.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fchem.libretexts.org%2FCourses%2FBellarmine_University%2FBU%253A_Chem_104_(Christianson)%2FPhase_2%253A_Understanding_Chemical_Reactions%2F6%253A_Acid-Base_Equilibria%2F6.6%253A_Acidic_and_Basic_Salt_Solutions, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), pH of a Solution of a Salt of a Weak Base and a Strong Acid, Equilibrium of a Salt of a Weak Acid and a Strong Base, Determining the Acidic or Basic Nature of Salts. However, the conjugate base of the weak acid is a weak base and ionizes slightly in water. The following four situations illustrate how solutions with various pH values can arise following a neutralization reaction using stoichiometrically equivalent quantities: Our stomachs contain a solution of roughly 0.03 M HCl, which helps us digest the food we eat. Is a solution with H+ = 7.0 x 10-13 acidic, basic, or neutral? What is the conjugate base? Possibilities: Conjugate Acid: C6H5NH3+ | Conjugate Base: C6H5NH Conjugate Acid: C6H5NH3 | Conjugate Base: C6H5NH Conjugate Acid: C6H5N2 | Conjugate Base: C6H5NH2 Conjugate Acid . 'Conjugate' means ONE proton (H+) more (acid) or less (base) than the described acid or base respectively:So the conjugate acid of C6H5NH2 is C6H5NH3+ (phenylammonium cation), The conjugate base and conjugate acid for HS04 is: Conjugate base is SO42, Acid + base conjugate base + conjugate acid. What is a conjugate base and a conjugate acid? As with other polyprotic acids, the hydrated aluminum ion ionizes in stages, as shown by: \[\ce{Al(H2O)6^3+}(aq)+\ce{H2O}(l)\ce{H3O+}(aq)+\ce{Al(H2O)5(OH)^2+}(aq) \nonumber \], \[\ce{Al(H2O)5(OH)^2+}(aq)+\ce{H2O}(l)\ce{H3O+}(aq)+\ce{Al(H2O)4(OH)2+}(aq) \nonumber \], \[\ce{Al(H2O)4(OH)2+}(aq)+\ce{H2O}(l)\ce{H3O+}(aq)+\ce{Al(H2O)3(OH)3}(aq) \nonumber \]. Use 4.9 1010 as Ka for HCN. Consider of the following two acids and their ionization constants. One of the most common antacids is calcium carbonate, CaCO3. Will Al(NO3)3 form a solution that is acidic, basic, or neutral? The conjugate base of HBr is Br - which is too weak to function as a base in water. Explain. What happens to the charge of the overall base? For example, ammonium chloride, NH4Cl, is a salt formed by the reaction of the weak base ammonia with the strong acid HCl: \[\ce{NH3}(aq)+\ce{HCl}(aq)\ce{NH4Cl}(aq) \nonumber \]. Aniline reacts with strong acids to form the anilinium (or phenylammonium) ion (C6H5NH+3).[18]. Question: Salt of a Weak Base and a Strong Acid. Explain. Salt Compound Solution: The constituent ions that makes up an ionic (salt) compound may potentially have acidic/basic properties. Explain. Explain. 4) What is the strongest acid in the following set? Does this mean addressing to a crowd? THANKS! How do you determine conjugate acids and bases? Cooking is essentially synthetic chemistry that happens to be safe to eat. {/eq} solution is acidic, basic, or neutral. The expression for the base constant is derived by following the usual rules for writing an equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction, with the additional feature that the concentration of water is dropped from the . As we noted previously, acids and bases react chemically with each other to form. #"Al"("NO"_3)_3#, #"C"_2"H"_5"NH"_3"NO"_3#, #"NaClO"#, #"KCl"#, #"C"_2"H"_5"NH"_3"CN"#, http://www.chemteam.info/AcidBase/Conjugate-Pairs.html. How can you tell whether a solution is acidic, neutral, or basic? answer (1 of 5): no2 is an acidic oxide. This conjugate base is usually a weak base. As we are given the concentrations of all the species . Calculate the ionization constant for each of the following acids or bases from the ionization constant of its conjugate base or conjugate acid:C6H5NH3+OpenStax is a registered trademark, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product.If you don't have the OpenStax \"Chemistry: Atoms First\" textbook, here is a link in which you can download it for FREE!https://d3bxy9euw4e147.cloudfront.net/oscms-prodcms/media/documents/ChemistryAtomsFirst2e-OP_T2wT7wj.pdfSUBSCRIBE if you'd like to see more solutions for your textbook!https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2C34WdYMOm47PkWovvzLpw?sub_confirmation=1Want us as your private tutor? This page titled 6.6: Acidic and Basic Salt Solutions is shared under a CC BY license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by OpenStax. Is a solution with OH- = 1.53 x 10-7 M acidic, basic, or neutral? How do you find conjugate base concentration? Therefore, CHOH is considered the strongest acid. Is a solution with H+ = 8.3 x 10-10 M acidic, basic, or neutral? [34], Some early American rockets, such as the Aerobee and WAC Corporal, used a mixture of aniline and furfuryl alcohol as a fuel, with nitric acid as an oxidizer. Salts are composed of related numbers of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negative ions) so that the product is electrically neutral (without a net charge). What are the 4 major sources of law in Zimbabwe? All rights reserved. Aniline (from Portuguese anil 'indigo shrub', and -ine indicating a derived substance) is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 5 NH 2.Consisting of a phenyl group (C 6 H 5) attached to an amino group (NH 2), aniline is the simplest aromatic amine.It is an industrially significant commodity chemical, as well as a versatile starting material for fine chemical synthesis. acid: C6H5NH3+" base: H2O conjugate acid: H30+ conjugate base: C6H5NH2 Am I correct? Strong acid. Question = Is SiCl2F2polar or nonpolar ? [22] He called it Crystallin. Explain. Business Studies. Explain. Acid generates H + ions in aqueous solutions. Identify the following compounds as strongly acidic, weakly acidic, weakly basic, strongly basic, or pH-neutral in water at #25^@ "C"#? You and I don't actually know because the structure of the compound is not apparent in the molecular formula. The aluminum ion is an example. Answer and Explanation: 1 Seattle, Washington(WA), 98106. Is a solution with H+ = 9.52 x 10-2 M acidic, basic, or neutral? First, benzene is nitrated with a concentrated mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid at 50 to 60C to yield nitrobenzene. Explain. Also (NO ADS), although you have to pay to see the steps it dose occasionally let you see . In reactions where the acid is a hydrogen ion containing compound and the base is a hydroxide ion containing compound, water is also a product. HF(aq) + H2O(l) < H3O+ (aq) + F-(aq) Ka = d) C6H5NH3+ [H3O+][ F-] / [HF] 10. Top. Is an aqueous solution with H+ = 3.1 x 10-6 M acidic, basic, or neutral? Suppose a solution has (H3O+) = 1 x 10-2 M and (OH-) = 1 x 10-12 M. Is the solution acidic, basic, or neutral? How would you identify the conjugate acid-base pairs in the equilibrium equation: A conjugate base contains one less H atom and one more - charge than the acid that formed it. Explain. Discover what acidic and basic salts are, see examples, and predict the pH of salt solutions. Note that the base hydrolysis equation is a complete Brnsted-Lowry acid-base reaction, with water as the reactant acid. PLEASE HELP!!! All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. El subjuntivo Determine whether a 0.0100 M C6H5NH3F solution is acidic, basic, or neutral. The vegetable, such as a cucumber, is placed in a sealed jar submerged in a brine solution. Is an aqueous solution with H+ = 1.0 x 10-4 M acidic, basic, or neutral? Kauna unahang parabula na inilimbag sa bhutan? Why are weak acids and bases poor electrical conductors? Re: HW Question 11.3. Aniline is a weak base. CH_3COONa. [7], Other uses include rubber processing chemicals (9%), herbicides (2%), and dyes and pigments (2%). Who were the models in Van Halen's finish what you started video? What is the conjugate acid of C6H5NH2 What formula do you use to calculate pH when given the molarity of an acid? The acid can be titrated with a strong base such as NaOH. HC2H3O2 + H2O --> H3O^+ + C2H3O2^-? Is a solution with H3O+ = 5.87 x 10-4 M acidic, basic, or neutral? The value of Ka for this acid is not listed in Table E1, but we can determine it from the value of Kb for aniline, C6H5NH2, which is given as 4.6 1010 : \[\mathrm{\mathit{K}_a(for\:C_6H_5NH_3^+)\mathit{K}_b(for\:C_6H_5NH_2)=\mathit{K}_w=1.010^{14}} \nonumber \], \[\mathrm{\mathit{K}_a(for\:C_6H_5NH_3^+)=\dfrac{\mathit{K}_w}{\mathit{K}_b(for\:C_6H_5NH_2)}=\dfrac{1.010^{14}}{4.610^{10}}=2.310^{5}} \nonumber \]. [19], Aniline reacts with acyl chlorides such as acetyl chloride to give amides. How would you explain conjugate acids and bases? [26] In 1843, August Wilhelm von Hofmann showed that these were all the same substance, known thereafter as phenylamine or aniline. A solution of this salt contains ammonium ions and chloride ions. Your email address will not be published. N 2 H 5 and N 2 H 4 +D. 3.Find the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y=8x^2, x=1, and y=0 . Likewise, it is also prone to oxidation: while freshly purified aniline is an almost colorless oil, exposure to air results in gradual darkening to yellow or red, due to the formation of strongly colored, oxidized impurities. This means that an aqueous solution of such a compound will have the dissociated ions participate in acid-base (proton transfer) reactions with water molecules. In the parent aniline, the lone pair is approximately 12% s character, corresponding to sp7.3 hybridization. Like phenols, aniline derivatives are highly susceptible to electrophilic substitution reactions. One example is the use of baking soda, or sodium bicarbonate in baking. [32] By the 1940s, over 500 related sulfa drugs were produced. [12][13], Consistent with these factors, substituted anilines with electron donating groups are more pyramidalized, while those with electron withdrawing groups are more planar. Is an aqueous solution with H+ = 8.60 x 10-10 M acidic, basic, or neutral? C 6 H 5 NH 2 + H 2 O <-> C 6 H 5 NH 3+ + OH -. Such as in the song Jimmy by M.I.A look at aaja in the dictionary My indian boyfriend told me is meaning come to me, 6 Answers I have never had or heard of that particular brand, but have had several here in Canada, plus a number in the Caribbean and Asia, and there all the same, small cut hot dogs in a can, no need q now please.. Name the major nerves that serve the following body areas:? A triprotic acid, H 3 A has the following K a s: K a1 = 3.37 x 10-4 , . Is a solution with OH- = 1 x 10-9 M acidic, basic, or neutral? Aniline can alternatively be prepared from ammonia and phenol derived from the cumene process. C6H5NH3+, as the acid, is a proton donor. One example is the use of baking soda, or sodium bicarbonate in baking. Explain. Name. Is a solution with OH- = 2.7 x 10-2 M acidic, basic, or neutral? . Answer = C2Cl2 is Polar What is polarand non-polar? If bromine water is added to aniline, the bromine water is decolourised and a white precipitate of 2,4,6-tribromoaniline is formed. Thus, I-will lose H+ ions easier than Cl-, although both are strong acids. Chromic acid converts it into quinone, whereas chlorates, in the presence of certain metallic salts (especially of vanadium), give aniline black. (a) The acid and base must encounter each other by a collision in order for the proton to transfer. HI. [36][37] The IARC lists it in Group 3 (not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans) due to the limited and contradictory data available. Is an aqueous solution of Na2SO3 acidic, basic, or neutral? pH of Solution. Your email address will not be published. Is a solution with OH- = 5.3 x 10-12 M acidic, basic, or neutral? [33] In 1939, at Oxford University, seeking an alternative to sulfa drugs, Howard Florey developed Fleming's penicillin into the first systemic antibiotic drug, penicillin G. (Gramicidin, developed by Ren Dubos at Rockefeller Institute in 1939, was the first antibiotic, yet its toxicity restricted it to topical use.) Which ion is the conjugate base of #H_3PO_4#? Base. The equilibrium equation for this reaction is the ionization constant, Kb, for the base \(\ce{CH3CO2-}\). The first column has the following: 0.10 (which appears in red), negative x, 0.10 minus x. Mi hermana se sorprende N-F C-F Cl-F F-F 2 Answers C-F is the most polar. [32], In 1932, Bayer sought medical applications of its dyes. 5) [7], Aniline has been implicated as one possible cause of forest dieback. Explain. Explain. C6H5NH3+, conjugate base is a weak base, therefore it is potentially acidic NO2-, conjugate acid is a weak acid, therefore the salt is also potentially basic However, since the Ka > Kb, the solution must be acidic So it has both nature acidic on basic in its constituent, it will act as a neutral soul. Choosing an acid or base where pK a is close to the pH needed gives the best results. Exposure of rats to aniline can elicit a response that is toxic to the spleen, including a tumorigenic response. The lining of the esophagus is not protected from the corrosive effects of stomach acid the way the lining of the stomach is, and the results can be very painful. If you add acid (even weak acetic acid) they fizz. HCN + SO4^(2-) --> HSO4^(-) + CN^(-)? Below are some classes of its reactions. However, the acetate ion, the conjugate base of acetic acid, reacts with water and increases the concentration of hydroxide ion: \[\ce{CH3CO2-}(aq)+\ce{H2O}(l)\ce{CH3CO2H}(aq)+\ce{OH-}(aq) \nonumber \]. Balance the equation C6H5NH3{+} + OH{-} = C6H5NH2 + H2O using the algebraic method. According to the equations below, what is the conjugate base of #HCO_3^-# ? . Is an aqueous solution with H+ = 5.55 x 10-5 M acidic, basic, or neutral? Solved Write equations showing how each of the following By expressing your answer in a chemical formula you are defining the composition a class of (The value of Kb for . The nitrogen is described as having high p character. The beneficial bacteria feed on starches in the cucumber and produce lactic acid as a waste product in a process called fermentation. I-Iodide. Often, these problems are given with the K b of the base and you have to calculate the value of the K a.You do so with this equation: K a K b = K w. You will see such a situation starting in the fifth example as well as scattered through the additional problems. The fourth column has the following: 0, x, x. Chemistry 12 Provincial Exam Review Prescribed Learning Outcomes with Selected Questions from Past Provincial Exams Chemistry 12 Provincial Exam Review Page 1 CHEMISTRY It has one more H atom and one more + charge (-1 + 1 = 0). He named it kyanol or cyanol. A solution of a weak acid reacts with a solution of a strong base to form the conjugate base of the weak acid and the conjugate acid of the strong base. When we neutralize a weak acid with a strong base, we get a salt that contains the conjugate base of the weak . Is a 0.1 M solution of NH3 acidic or basic? Explain why different parts of the Earth have different climates. Explain. Answer = if4+ isPolar What is polarand non-polar? However, since the Ka > Kb, the solution must be acidic. Its main use is in the manufacture of precursors to polyurethane, dyes, and other industrial chemicals. Is a solution with OH- = 4.8 x 10-3 M acidic, basic, or neutral? 6. B. Step 4: Determine dissociation constant for C6H5NH3+. Count the number of atoms of each element on each side of the equation and verify that all elements and electrons (if there are charges/ions) are balanced. a conjugate acid-base pair is A. N 2 H 4 and (CH 3) 3 NH+ B. N 2 H 4 and (CH 3) 3 N +C. The oxidation of aniline has been heavily investigated, and can result in reactions localized at nitrogen or more commonly results in the formation of new C-N bonds. The acetate ion behaves as a base in this reaction; hydroxide ions are a product. - Sr(ClO4)2(aq) - LiNO2(aq). What is the conjugate base for #"H"_2"S"#? Base. Will NaCHO2 form a solution that is acidic, basic, or neutral? Is a solution with OH- = 2.81 x 10-7 M acidic, basic, or neutral? What is the hydronium ion concentration of a 0.163 M solution of aniline hydrochloride at 25.0C given that the value of Kb for aniline is 4.3001010? ph Do my homework now. A salt is a general chemical term for any ionic compound formed from an acid and a base. What is the conjugate acid for H2O (water)? This table has two main columns and four rows. [35], Aniline is toxic by inhalation of the vapour, ingestion, or percutaneous absorption. The largest scale industrial reaction of aniline involves its alkylation with formaldehyde. How would you identify the acid, base, conjugate acid and conjugate base in the following reaction: Explain. To generate the mono-substituted product, a protection with acetyl chloride is required: The reaction to form 4-bromoaniline is to protect the amine with acetyl chloride, then hydrolyse back to reform aniline. Recall that the Bronsted-Lowry definition relies on the transfer and acceptance of a proton between an acid and a base. These polymers exhibit rich redox and acid-base properties. Table of Acid and Base Strength . For example, this approach is used to convert toluene into toluidines and chlorobenzene into 4-chloroaniline. (a) KCN (b) CH_3COONH_4, How to classify solution either acidic, basic, or neutral? The conjugate base of an acid remains after the acid has donated what? So HCO is the conjugate acid of HCO. Write by: . As you may have guessed, antacids are bases. Spanish Help Aniline can be diazotized to give a diazonium salt, which can then undergo various nucleophilic substitution reactions. Explain how you know. At the time of mauveine's discovery, aniline was expensive. It is a strong base. Is a solution with OH- = 1.1 x 10-11 M acidic, basic, or neutral? Is C6H5NH2 an acid or a base? CH3CH2NH3+ Weak acid. Several antacids have aluminum hydroxide, Al(OH)3, as an active ingredient. Is SbCl5 ( Antimony pentachloride ) polar or nonpolar ? This reason can also be considered for explaining why the aqueous solution of potassium bromide (KBr) is neutral with no acidic or alkaline properties. What is the conjugate base of #"bisulfite ion"#, #HSO_3^(-)#? The key in determining the Bronsted-Lowry Acid and Base in a reaction is to examine the chemical equation. 'Conjugate' means ONE proton (H+) more (acid) or less (base) than the described acid or base respectively:So the conjugate acid of C6H5NH2 is C6H5NH3+ (phenylammonium cation) Explain. Without the harmful bacteria consuming the cucumbers they are able to last much longer than if they were unprotected. The observed geometry reflects a compromise between two competing factors: 1) stabilization of the N lone pair in an orbital with significant s character favors pyramidalization (orbitals with s character are lower in energy), while 2) delocalization of the N lone pair into the aryl ring favors planarity (a lone pair in a pure p orbital gives the best overlap with the orbitals of the benzene ring system). NaOH is a strong base, which means that .