When baseball's biggest stars need a haircut, they come to Jos 'Jordan' Lpez, By Yes, they do. It came from a No. The ump's call: strike three. Kip Moore, I am To Blame Max Muncy, #28. Shake It Off by Taylor Swift: Swifts hit was everywhere, and it was most certainly at baseball fields. Try as you might, there's no escaping 37,000 people screaming, "SO GOOD, SO GOOD, SO GOOD" in your face during the eighth-inning spin of "Sweet Caroline" at Fenway Park. feat. The main moral of the story is: Never underestimate Joltin Joe.. There are quite a bit of puns at work in this one. The Notorious B.I.G., Big Poppa David Ortiz, #8. The Teresa Fidalgo Story: Fact or Fiction? Call Me Maybe by Carly Rae Jepsen: This song truly deserves two entries. I don't think Gordon Beckham ever imagined a similar reaction when he made the obscure choice of "Your Love" by the Outfield in 2009. He throws the ball high in the air and attempts to hit it but he always strikes himself out. You dont hear it as much now, but back then everybody was having a good time. The entire catalog of the Baseball Project (the themed all-star grouping of R.E.M. Metallica, Enter Sandman Mariano Rivera, #4. Let's just say that I can hang with the best of them in a game of serious wiffle ball. Les Brown and his orchestra took the song written in 1941 by writers Alan Courtney and Ben Homer and gave it new life. Copyright 2023 Players tend to pick a song that best compliments their personality and background. Tick tock, tick tock. The original has more lyrics than just the verse that's sung by the masses during the stretch, though. There are, however, a few exceptions. Still, given the number of folks I see hamming it up for the camera during "YMCA" or galloping during "Gangnam Style" at every game, I'm laying odds that a handful of you actually enjoy these songs. I have also included "I Wanna Rock" by Twisted Sister on the playlist even though the band asked John Rocker to stop using the song after making disparaging comments about gays and minorities in 2000. Unfortunately, it would take another nine years for the Cubs to reach that pinnacle. Baseball Songs Playlist - playlist by mokkeman83 | Spotify Home Search Your Library Create Playlist Liked Songs Privacy Center Privacy Policy Cookies About Ads Your Privacy Choices Cookies English Preview of Spotify Sign up to get unlimited songs and podcasts with occasional ads. Taking a darker turn than the average baseball-themed tune, Paul Simons Night Game tells the story of a player who dies suddenly during a game. If you watched any CWS game on TV over the last 10 years, you heard this song and thats enough to break my own rule. 8tracks radio. However, there are a few incredibly popular current songs and songs popular with young people that have been repurposed for baseball walk ups. But not in stadiums where they do whatever it takes to pump up fans and players alike. #1. Jurassic Park, Main Theme Brent Suter, #36. On the Southside of Chicago, when an opposing pitcher is pulled, he's played off the field by "Na Na Hey Hey Kiss Him Goodbye," the crowd chanting the refrain, "Hey hey hey, goooodbye," a tradition started by organist Nancy Faust that hast lasted more than 30 years. 2. Simon & Garfunkel, "April Come She Will" -- and she will.6. Sports often serves as a popular allegory for life in musicthe slow artistry and drama of baseball providing a perfect metaphorical backdrop. 16. Tigers, Justin Verlander agree to five-year extension, Boisball Cards! Here are some of the most popular country music walk-ups used in baseball. I'm talkin' baseballKluszewski, CampanellaTalkin' baseballThe Man and Bobby FellerThe Scooter, the Barber, and the NewcThey knew 'em all from Boston to DubuqueEspecially Willie, Mickey, and the Duke. Pittsburg Pirates, Jason Kipnis on his long career with Cleveland. Leave a comment with your favorite baseball tune! Coming off a last-place finish in 2022, Mississippi State is trying to get back to the top of the SEC. Oh, put me in coach, I'm ready to play today/Put me in coach, I'm ready to play today/Look at me, I can be centerfield, he sings on this great tune. This town ain't bigthis town ain't smallIt's a little of both they sayOur ball club may be minor leaguebut at least it's Triple-A, We sit below the Marlboro manAbove the right field wallWe do the wave all by ourselfHey ump, a blind man could've made that call. CNN . No, OMalley) Danny Kaye, Piazza, New York Catcher Belle and Sebastian. Ozzy Osbourne, "Crazy Train" Chipper Jones #2. Here are some songs no one wouldve ever thought could be used for baseball walk ups one day. The sports long summer season offers the continual hope of redemption and (as Cubs fans can relate) the slow slog of inevitability that must be played to the bitter end. I'm gettin' on a subway tonightI'm headin' to the stadium, that's rightThe city's gonna rock tonight as we make historyCan't you smell the hot dogs, taste the beerTake me back in time to yesteryearI wouldn't trade this ticket for the world oh not todayI'm gettin' on the subway. 7. Nancy Bea Hefley, "Take Me Out to the Ballgame" -- a classic turned in by the Dodgers' longtime organist, the great Nancy Bea. A lot of baseball players have an incredible sense of humor, and they like to show it by picking out songs that best exemplify their silliness. Johnny Cash, Gods Gonna Cut You Down Lance Berkman, #30. To empower athletes and those that train them, as they make their valuable contribution in the pursuit of excellence. during "Don't Stop Believin'.". T-Pain, Ludacris, Snoop. Music evokes emotions that enrich your enjoyment, Source: The Health Sciences Academy . Despite Camden Yard's urban setting, John Denver's "Thank God I'm a Country Boy" has been a Baltimore tradition since 1975. Odds & lines subject to change. Sucker punch in OVC tournament leads to 3 ejections. Here's a countdown of the greatest baseball songs of all time, with links so that you can sing along.. "Catfish" is a song from music legend Bob Dylan that went unreleased until a 1991 bootleg set. Russell Westbrook is being left wide open on offense, and hes still hurting the Clippers. Pitching doesnt go much better. Say hey, say who?Say WillieSay hey, say who?Swinging at the plateSay hey, say who?That Giants kid is great. There's also the entire body of work by The Baseball Project, a super-group comprised of Peter Buck, Scott McCaughey, Steve Wynn, and Linda Pitmon, great rock songs that are elevated by their baseball content. Its full of pointed commentary on the decision to cut the team, while also mixing in a shoutout to every player on the team. The team made the playoffs that year but was eliminated shortly thereafter. Its a rare but beautiful thing when a song matches a players energy, and these are the best examples. 22. Alabama, "The Cheap Seats" -- is there really such a thing as a "bad seat" at a ballgame? "Step right up and greet the Mets!Bring your kiddies,bring your wife;Guaranteed to have the time of your life." Uptown funk gonna give it to you during BP or in between innings. Cal made the College World Series in 2011 and the decision to cut the program was reversed. It really was radioactive. You can take a kayak to a Giants game, sit on a rooftop near Wrigley Field, or eat a pulled pork sundae filled with mashed potatoes and gravy at a Brewers game. Will Smith, The Fresh Prince of Bel Air Theme Song Will Smith, #18. 9. Oh, snap. What follows is four minutes of amazingness. Some players prefer rock and roll while others prefer more patriotic themes. 8. But the Blue Raiders have won five of their past six dating back to last week's midweek . Humble - Kendrick Lamar. Bananarama, Cruel Summer Kelly Johnson, #39. Hey Siri, play the Baseball playlist.. Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson Lopex, Do You Want To Build A Snowman? Zach Walters, #19. The Pearl Jam frontman wrote "All the Way" in 2007 about being a Cubs fan. #17. Smith refers to himself as a fan-made artist, recording nine albums independently before signing on to Sugar Hill Records. Bruno Mars: Dont believe me, just go to any ballpark. The video has now been viewed more than 19.6 million times on YouTube and helped the Crimson draw attention to the Friends of Jaclyn Foundation, which supports children with pediatric brain tumors. The video was done in three days, which is an impressive feat unto itself. The Opening Day Playlist includes some of the songs that you'd associate with different parks around the league. The Clippers Russell Westbrook experiment is off to a terrible start. Listen to Pregame/Between Innings by Jim Gross on Apple Music. In 2004, the punk rock group Dropkick Murphys brought back a 1904 song that became a Red Sox anthem and featured backing vocals from players Johnny Damon, Bronson Arroyo, and Lenny DiNardo. Jason Aldean, I Use What I Got Jon Lester, #31. Opening Day brings not just sights but sounds. High Hopes by Panic! After all, what other sport has a song like Take Me Out to Ball Game universally performed during every outing? Goo Goo Cats Slide was the breakout hit, and Gieske and Arizona also produced excellent Family Matters and Major League parodies and they filmed a cover of This Town for ESPN in Omaha. But what I loved the most, werethe sounds I heard. Discovery Company. John Fogerty's "Centerfield" is a classic baseball song. It can be found on their 1987 album "No Easy Walk to Freedom.". First look, so far, so good.. Pirates pitcher Doc Ellis served as inspiration for this self-reflective tune written by singer-songwriter Todd Snider. Terry Cashman recorded a version of the song for seemingly every team, as the song became ubiquitous. The Diamond Dawgs are slated to play Ohio State on Friday at 6 p.m., followed by Oklahoma on Saturday at 1 p.m. and concluding Sunday with California at 11 a.m. Your effort and contribution in providing this feedback is much All Rights Reserved. Rule Changes Probable Pitchers Starting Lineups Transactions Injury Report World Baseball Classic MLB Draft All-Star Game MLB Pipeline Postseason History. Styles of Beyond), All I Do Is Win (feat. The roar of a sea of people. Leslie Gore, Its My Party And Ill Cry If I Want To Tony La Russa. No matter whether he was starting or relieving, that was bad news for opposing hitters. 6. This tune was featured on Bruce Springsteens chart-topping 1984 album, Born In The U.S.A. Glory Days is about a real-life encounter with a high school buddy who was a baseball star. 1. Baseball player James Hunter pitched for New York, Oakland, and Kansas City in the 60s and 70s and his nickname was Catfish. Dylan co-wrote this tune with Jacques Levy about Hunters legacy. Instead, it functions as a perfect time capsule for the Cal season and frat rap in 2011. While the lyrics can at times seem nonsensical, the rhythm and groove of the song make it a great one to play while starting your day. Much like an actual day at the ballpark, you never know when something embarrassing like "Call Me Maybe" will come blaring through your speakers. And I can remember my first Major League game like it was yesterday. Baseball "Take Me Out to The Ball Game" (1908) Sweet Caroline - Neil Diamond - Red Sox Many of the players mentioned in the song played in segregated leagues from the 1930s until the 60s when the sport was finally integrated. I generally avoided the kind of marketed team anthems or popular sport hits and instead wanted to highlight some of the more leftfield baseball odes. Listen like a pro: Stream a mixtape of 2016 Rookie of the Year, Cy Young and MVP walk-up music. Spongebob, The Spongebob Theme Songs Carlos Gomez, #35. In addition, batters will be limited to one timeout per plate appearance, and there will also be a 30-second timer between hitters. The new MLB rules are coming fast at players; just ask Cal Conley. Baseball is a game of poetry, and its movement and nostalgia have long inspired writers. Released towards the end of their career on their 1987 album No Easy Walk to Freedom, Peter, Paul, and Marys song Right Field reflects on sports played as children, and the positions on the field given to kids with less athletic ability than others. He wrote the lyrics to serve as a metaphor for overcoming lifes challenges and staying motivated in the face of opposition. Jonathan Papelbon ditched "Shipping Up to Boston" when he shipped out to Philadelphia, but it still registers high in the annals of closer entrance music, though Mariano Rivera's use of "Enter Sandman" has to top any list of iconic closer-song pairings. As an avid baseball fan and recognizing the games poetic relation to life itself, he wanted to write a song that encompassed baseball as a metaphor for living. #24. 19. Nancy Bea Hefley, "Take Me Out to the Ballgame" -- a classic turned in by the Dodgers' longtime organist, the great Nancy Bea. In the offseason, the gates are locked, the box scores don't refresh, and the standings are stagnant. 13. , The Metropolitan Museum of Art has one of the best baseball card collections in the world
thanks to one man, By All Rights Reserved.Read more: http://thehealthsciencesacademy.org. Its explicit in songs like Mabel Scotts suggestive Baseball Boogie and the Intruders Sixties soul (Love is a Like A) Baseball Game, but it works just as well through indirect allusions, as in Magnolia Electric Co.s 31 Seasons in the Minor Leagues and Greg Browns Laughing River. Dan Bern, whose album Doubleheader may be one of the best baseball-themed LPs, may take top honor for the baseball-as-life song with When My Buckner Moment Comes.. Some shows take it even further by giving each of their players a custom song. Between the music the provides the soundtrack for batting practice, walk-up songs and the music playing between innings, a baseball game can almost feel like a concert at times. Eddie Vedder wrote his song, All the Way, in honor of the Chicago Cubs and Jay-Z mentions the New York Yankees in his hit, Empire State of Mind. Bob Dylan's Catfish is an ode to the pitcher Catfish Hunter. I seriously hope they NEVERpull this song out of the homegame song rotation. And your childhood. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright . This song can be celebratory to an extended field touchdown or even a deep high ball catch outfield. At the time, the team had a diehard fan base that celebrated elaborately even if the final score only resulted in a tie. There are also some songs more in line with the concept of, "Hey, baseball's back again!" 10. My Songs Know What You Did In The Dark (Light Em Up) by Fall Out Boy: Its a shame that Imagine Dragons popularity exceeded Fall Out Boy in the 2010s. News. A Full Neptune Sextile Pluto: Natal and Transit Interpretations, Venus Opposite Jupiter: Strengthen Relationships and Finances, Pluto Conjunct Ascendant: Natal, Transit, Synastry, and Composite, Mars Conjunct Jupiter Synastry: When Passion Meets Expansion, All You Need to Know About Bethea Astrology. When I think back on my childhood, I remember it spent at the ballpark. And Yo La Tengo deserves special note for the New Jersey trio having taken their name from a notorious Mets anecdote. This Haggard rewrite is a playful rendition of his hit 1993 single, Thats The Way Love Goes. This remake is a tribute to Rangers manager, Ron Washington. After rifling through the pile, the musicians sat down and wrote Joe DiMaggio Done It Again based off of Guthries unfinished lyrics. Truer words, you will never find. We Are Family - Sister Sledge - Pittsburgh Pirates. Lindale ISD Foundation Gives Grant Money for FungoMan. One, because the 2011 smash hit has become a ballpark staple. I'd probably use "Unsatisfied" by the Replacements, the first few bars of "The Guns of Brixton" by the Clash, or "Bitch" by the Rolling Stones. Rule Changes Probable Pitchers Starting Lineups . These songs have caused gales of laughter and uproar among fans. Little boy, he adjusts his hatPicks up his ball, stares at his batSays, "I am the greatest when the game is on the line"And he gives his all one last time, And the ball goes up like the moon so brightSwings his bat with all his mightAnd the world's as still as still can beAnd the baseball falls, and that's strike three, Now it's suppertime and his mama callsLittle boy starts home with his bat and ballSays, "I am the greatest, that is a fact,But even I didn't know I could pitch like that!". Smooth, easy BP music or a quick between innings song. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. While I don't fully understand the phenomenon, the song has grown on me. Another of the top baseball songs would have to be Meat Loaf's "Paradise by the Dashboard Light.". Truly, hitters must hate the effect this song has on team morale. The musical notes that take us right back to the ballpark. There were numerous variations released by Cashman covering most of the teams from that era, so if you ever find yourself with an abundance of time, you could compare the rWAR for all of the rosters mentioned in Cashman's songs. 19. The song wasnt released until 1991 when it was included on a compilation album. 7. Ahead of a test this weekend at the Frisco Classic, the Bulldogs are starting to build consistency. The venerable and inimitable baseball writer Roger Angell, who died in 2022, published those words at this time of year back in 1971. Well, I spent some time in the Mudville Nine, watchin' it from the bench;You know I took some lumps when the Mighty Casey struck out.So Say Hey Willie, tell Ty Cobb and Joe DiMaggio;Don't say "it ain't so," you know the time is now. Didn't think so.11. Kip Moore, Wild Ones Kyle Seager, #29. With the game tied at 6-6, Conley was sitting on a full count against Robert Kwiatkowski. The thumpof a strike. But Ruckers up-tempo version is more stadium friendly and after it was released in 2013, it quickly became the default version at ballparks across the country. Whiskey Falls didnt stick together for too long. Many baseball songs are written about specific baseball players, but a few are about specific teams. College Baseball's Playlist of the 2010s Teddy Preview E 1 Thunder Imagine Dragons 3:07 2 All I Do Is Win - Feat. Enjoy. #25. Using walk-up songs to build hype and commemorate legendary TV moments has been part of lore in American sports. Synchronised music movements can shift your level of workout, 4. Related: See our top pick of song for the good times. I mean, I guess the Outfield seems fitting since that's a baseball term, but the catchy pop tune from 1983 has turned into some sort of hipster baseball anthem; several players including Mark Kotsay, Kelly Johnson, Eric Byrnes, and more have used since 2009. - stream 74 baseball playlists including Kanye West, JAY Z, and Sports music from your desktop or mobile device. Video unavailable Watch on YouTube Take Me Out to the Ballgame You'll hear the first verse and then you'll recognize this timeless classic. Everyone is on the DL or should be, Get ready for your fantasy baseball draft. Nah. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. Tick tock, tick tock. What do you get when you combine a block party and a baseball league? But it also provided the soundtrack for college baseballs biggest viral hit of the decade. Ja Morants allegations of aggression off the court, explained. A brutal sucker punch in the OVC tournament stopped the game in its tracks. Baseball player James Hunter pitched for New York, Oakland, and Kansas City in the 60s and 70s and his nickname was "Catfish." Dylan co-wrote this tune with Jacques Levy about Hunter's legacy. 11:34 AM EST, Mon February 27, 2023. Posted on Apr 9, 2013Updated on Jun 1, 2021, 7:03 pm CDT. Cal Baseball Reinstatement Rap by Eric Walbridge, Derek Campbell and Andrew Knapp: Recorded less than five months after California stunned college baseball in September 2010 by announcing it was cutting its baseball program, the song opens with, Raise your hand if youve still got a program. guitarist Peter Buck, Scott McCaughey, Steve Wynn and Linda Pitmon) could be included, and while "Ted Fucking. Its only 15-30 seconds long, and the real glory comes from hitting home runs. The folksy hit song "Talkin' Baseball" from 1981 filled a void for baseball's yesteryear during an unpopular players' strike and struck a chord. Their rise to prominence as real contenders is cause for celebration. Music promotes flow states for internal motivation, 3. Talkin Baseball appeared on the 1981 album, Cooperstown. Baseball music, 12. But as Austin songwriter Matt the Electrician once wrote, On Opening Day no one will say, the countrys gone to hell in a handbasket., The Weeknd is facing criticism for his Rolling Stone tweet, following disturbing allegations about his new HBO show The Idol, The Mandalorian finally explains what happened to Cara Dune after Gina Caranos firing, Not even Daisy Jones & The Six can break through those music clichs, *First Published: Apr 9, 2013, 11:00 am CDT. Dissociation through music diverts the mind, 2. #23. Though light-hearted in production, the overall theme poses questions about the trivial nature of things like sports when it comes to the realities of mortality. This diversity is one of the many things to like about baseball. Updated Today "baseball songs" are not just limited to songs about the game, but tunes the game has claimed as its own. As such, you needn't rush to listen to most songs about baseball. Check out the remarkable ways music really does affect your athletic performance. Jimi Hendrix, "The Star-Spangled Banner" -- self-explanatory, no?12. I don't consider myself an overly fun or goofy person, and that makes enjoyment of some in-game entertainment difficult for me. Another of the top baseball songs would have to be Meat Loaf's Paradise by the Dashboard Light. The play-by-play breakdown in the middle of this track is unforgettable. The song must be inspiring, something you can hear at every home game without getting sick of it, and doesn't contain expletives. 1. Ricky Martin, Livin La Vida Loca Nick Swisher. Included on Kenny Rogers 1999 album She Rides Wild Horses, his tune Baseball Song features the story of a little boy playing baseball by himself in the yard. 2. Epic Records was formed in the 1950s in order to feature artists of marginal genres such as jazz and classical. We Are Young by fun. 20. It was released in 2008 and ESPN immediately started using it as a key part of the College World Series broadcast. Metallica, "Enter Sandman" Mariano Rivera #3. The crack of the bat. 3. AC/DC, Thunderstruck John Smotlz, Noah Syndergaard, #14. STARKVILLE - Mississippi State continues their road trip as they stop in Frisco, Texas for the Frisco Baseball Classic. Dirt On My Boots by Jon Pardi: Pardi got a little dirt on his cleats after releasing this song in 2016. Opinion: A clock saved the NBA. "Say Hey" by the Treniers is a rock and swing classic from the 1950s about the great Willie Mays. He loved listening to his fathers stories about legendary Yankees player Joe DiMaggio, who hailed from San Francisco just like Fogerty. Clemson snapped its four-game losing streak with a win Friday against previously undefeated South Carolina. My House by FloRida: FloRida welcomed fans across the country to his house after he released this song in 2015. Bruce Springsteen's "Glory Days" begins with baseball, but ruins the reference by calling a pitch a "speedball" instead of "fastball." Getty Images / Barry Brecheisen / Contributor, Getty Images / Afro Newspaper/Gado / Contributor, American League Most Valuable Player Award Winners, A List of History's Best Country Gospel Songs, The Top 100 Country Love Songs of All Time, 'Take Me out to the Ball Game' by Jack Norworth, 'Did You See Jackie Robinson Hit That Ball' by Woodrow Buddy Johnson, 'Joltin' Joe DiMaggio' by the Les Brown Orchestra. Yeah, and that ain't allHe stole home.Yes, yes, Jackie's real gone. This playlist is the auditory expression of baseball-inspired Stockholm Syndrome -- you may not like everything, but I bet you find you're tapping your toes every now and again, willfully or not. Online, everywhere. As with the other categories here, there are some good entrance songs and some awful ones -- Addison Reed's commitment to Kid Rock's "Bawitdaba" is puzzling and painful to endure, but if that's what fuels his 24.4 percentage career strikeout rate, then who am I to judge? BA Newsletter: Get Analysis, Rankings Delivered To Your Inbox! Play this and you're sure to get amped. Families and friends have long gathered in front of TVs and at legendary stadiums like Wrigley Field to watch their favorite players and teams battle it out. #9. 25. Your Love by The Outfield: If you were in Starkville any time in the last four years, you heard this classic as Jake Mangums walk-up song. Harvard was on its spring break trip in 2012 when it filmed a choregraphed dance/lipsync video in a van on the way to a game. Best of all, it comes with a happy ending. Its up to each player but the audience goes crazy for it. X, "Wild Thing" Ricky Vaughn #4. Here's an interactive list of some of the best and worst songs coming to a ballpark near you. Find it on the "She Rides Wild Horses" album. Those are always exciting, and this is the perfect "Boss" song to put on your sports pump up songs playlist for those types of exhilarating moments. Yo La Tengo's cover of "Meet the Mets" is enjoyable, "Bill Lee" by Warren Zevon sounds like the rest of his discography, and while an indie pop duo from Glasgow may be an unlikely source, "Piazza, New York Catcher" by Belle & Sebastian takes the prize as my favorite song about baseball. Yankees, However, the changes are being welcomed by some. Bob Dylan, "Catfish" -- Dylan's ode to the great Catfish Hunter. This tune wasnt the only song Goodman wrote for the Chicago-based team. The Intruders, "Love is Like a Baseball Game" -- yes, baseball as a metaphor for love!13. After being approached by The Red Sox organization to record the song for the team in Boston, Celtic-punk band Dropkick Murphys jumped at the chance. Here's a countdown of the greatest baseball songs of all time, with links so that you can sing along. The new MLB rules are coming fast at players; just ask Cal Conley. 1. : This song technically doesnt fit the parameters I laid out. Mets, Everybody knows this one, especially if you've ever been to a baseball game, where it's sung in the middle of the seventh inning. Lauren Bennett & GoonRock), Remember the Name (feat. This quirky song features two lovers who want to elope to get married, and many baseball references can be found throughout the lyrics. In this photo, Mike Morse is hitting a grand slam without a baseball bat, The whole 2001 ALDS Game 3 needs a deep rewind, The three-ball walk, and other counting failures. 3. That's what spawned the baseball playlist. Gettin Warmed Up by Jason Aldean: This song wasnt released until 2018 but its destined to be on your teams pregame playlist for years to come. Had the program not been reinstated and other major schools followed Cals lead, the song could have become an anthem for the sad state of the game during the 2010s.